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Healing Plants of Renaissance Florence, by Angela Paine

Healing Plants of Renaissance Florence: The Development of Herbal Medicine in Florence, by Angela Paine
Moon Books, 1803413115, 296 pages, January 2025

Healing Plants of Renaissance Florence: The Development of Herbal Medicine in Florence by Angela Paine offers a fascinating exploration into the world of botany during the Renaissance period in Florence. Paine’s work is an intricate blend of history, science, and herbalism, which provides readers with both an educational and captivating journey into the past. Whether you’re a lover of ancient history or herbalism, this book is packed with fascinating details about plant medicine during one of Italy’s most interesting times.

In “Part 1: Introduction”, Paine introduces readers to this topic by events that spurred her own interest in healing plants of Renaissance Florence: her time working at the National Library restoring ancient books, the exhibit The Botany of Leonardo da Vinci, and discovering the Medici family grew medicinal plants in gardens to make their own medicine.

From here, Paine sets the scene for readers with a vivid depiction of Florence during the Renaissance. She shares overviews of the members of the Medici family lineage that promoted medicinal herbs: Giovanni di Bucci, Cosimo the Elder, Lorenzo the Magnificent, Cosimo I de’ Medici, Francesco de’ Medici, and Ferdinando de’ Medici. It was absolutely fascinating to learn about Cosimo I de’ Medici’s interest in alchemy, which consumed his son Francesco de’ Medici much to the city’s dismay. I also loved how Paine shares the socio-cultural events during the lives of these Medici family members, including the plague beginning in 1478 and banking developments like the double entry system.

“This was a time when the whole world was changing, due to numerous voyages of exploration. Medicinal, food and decorative plants were being transported across the world and transplanted into countries where they had never grown before. The Medici were as excited as everyone else by the new plants, and they had the means to acquire them and grow them in their botanic gardens.”1

In “Part 2: Healing Plants of the Renaissance” Paine details the plants most used during this time based on the research of Cristina Bellorini. Bellorini authored Speziale al Giglio, which is “a detailed study of the account books of the apothecary shops.”2 Drawing from Bellorini’s writing, Paine covers the twenty-two most commonly used healing plants during this time, which include Aloe, Dill, Ivy, Lemon, Mustard, Rose, Sage, and more.

For each plant, Paine provides an introduction and sketch, botanical description, list of healing properties, chemistry of the plant, modern research about the plant’s use, how to use the plant, and contraindications (when not to use the plant). Some plant entries also include guidance on dosage. Herbalists will absolutely love this section, likewise those interested in learning more about how to incorporate plants into their healing work will benefit from the information on the medicinal properties. I found it very cool to think about the connection between myself and those in Renaissance Florence using these plants for the same purposes!

“Part 3: Exotic Healing Plants Used in Renaissance Florence” covers the imported plants Cosimo I was able to cultivate in his garden and use for healing purposes. Paine gives these plants the same thorough description as the common plants. Some of the plants covered in this section are Cinnamon, Dragon’s Blood Tree, Liquorice, and Nutmeg.

Finally, Paine concludes with “Part 4: Poisonous Plants in Renaissance Florence”. While she doesn’t provide full-detailed descriptions of the plants, she shares about the widespread use of poison during this time, detailing how the Medici were especially aware of dangers and took  measures to protect themselves. From soldiers coating their knives with poison to a few drops being put in a wine glass, the uses of poisons were extensive and Paine gives a great overview of the common poisons present at this time. Nevertheless, these plants were also used for medical purposes, albeit not without their risks.

Overall, Healing Plants of Renaissance Florence is a well-researched book that will appeal to history enthusiasts, herbalists, and anyone interested in the intersection of medicine, alchemy, and botany. Paine successfully brings to life the rich tapestry of Renaissance botanical practices, offering readers a unique glimpse into a world where the properties of plants were just being discovered for use in rapidly changing times. Her coverage of the influence of the Medici family in cultivating plant medicine and recording the process through their writings is a captivating piece of history, one I had never before known about. For those interested in further research, Paine has included a thorough reference list that is sure to lead readers to other insightful discoveries of Renaissance plants.

The King in Orange, by John Michael Greer

The King in Orange: The Magical and Occult Roots of Political Power, by John Michael Greer
Inner Traditions, 1644112582, 208 Pages, May 2021

With the many controversies happening within our country right now, from vaccination mandates to military withdrawal, it feels an opportune moment to reflect on the state of American politics and the forces that are shaping our current government system. Cue The King in Orange: The Magical and Occult Roots of Political Power by John Michael Greer, here to help magically-minded folks make sense of the political mess in terms they understand.

Drawing upon The King in Yellow, a book of short stories by Robert W. Chambers, Greer helps to discern the energetic forces behind collective political movements that have been taking shape the past decade through the lens of occult forces (both conscious and unconscious) guiding the path forward.

In particular, he highlights the competition between two competing schools of magic that ultimately lead to the presidency of Donald Trump. By examining what led to this Populist rise, an occurrence happening elsewhere too, such as Britain, Greer leads the reader through a journey in the masked magical forces impacting public discourse.

And I’m going to be honest, Greer gives a very fair treatment of the subject without ever outwardly picking a side. So, this book may be potentially troublesome for anyone very rooted in their own personal beliefs and isn’t willing to see things differently.

For the most part, there is no sway towards either political party. I will say the exception to this seems to be in regard to Greer’s writing on Hilary Clinton, which I did find to be rather pejoratively biased. Overall though, Greer presents the material very objectively, offering perspective to guide readers in making their own conclusions.

Greer really delves into the concepts such as virtue signaling, privilege in America, and the class divide rift between salary workers and wage workers. He especially packs a punch by highlighting the magic of the liberal, privileged salary class that directly contributed to the populist rise of Trump: mainstream culture and the mass media that perpetuates it.

“This is one of the crucial points about privilege in today’s America: to the privileged, privilege is invisible. That’s not just a matter of personal cluelessness or of personal isolation from the less privileged, though these can of course be involved. It’s one of the most significant magical spells we’re under. The mass media and every other aspect of mainstream American culture constantly present the experience of privileged people as normal, and just as constantly feed any departure from that experience through an utterly predictable set of filters.”3

The filters used by the media, as well as the new American Left, according to Greer, inaccurately portray Trump supporters using distorted narratives, such as homophobic, racist, misogynist, when in factor many votes for Trump were for populist reasons of job loss, wage cuts, unaffordable health coverage, and a general lose of faith in system that is willingness neglecting their interests. Though identity politics currently take precedent above other cultural divisors, the overlooked factor is social class.

Greer draws on the scholarly work of Ioan Couliano to illuminate age-old forms of manipulation dating back to the Renaissance now channeled into modern advertising and mass media. This one-sided perspective led to a nation-wide upset as millions of voters were blind sided by Trump’s victory, which was dismissed as impossible by the media narrative.

Simultaneously, chaos magicians are also waging their own in the form of Pepe the frog memes, truly believing their symbolism was having an effect on the election, and thus constellating a change in consciousness among a group of “internet wizards.” Delving into the story of how this magic was used via Reddit was a really interesting topic, particularly after having encountered it directly in my mid-20s as quite a few acquaintances began to post about it.

To be honest, I’m still integrating the way he’s woven together the underpinning occult energies in play in American politics with the recent history of the 2016 election to present a viewpoint that is entirely original and most relatable as a magical practitioner. As an avid seeker, I enjoy how Greer’s insight work blends discourse from political, social, and magical movements.

While the future is not set in stone, the deeds of the past are catching up and contributing to where we are now as a nation. With ample reference to material such as Oswald Spengler’s Decline of the West and Dion Fortune’s war letters, Greer provides multiple avenues for readers to further study.

Reading The King in Orange had me reminiscing about when I was a recent college graduate, filled with liberal ideals, dating a boisterous, in your face Trump supporter. Needless to say, the relationship didn’t even survive the political campaigning. As tension in the country has become more polarized, I’ve literally seen more and more long-term relationships ending over deep-set political stances.

I really feel like reading Greer’s ideas in this book helped me to reconcile my differences and find a more balanced perspective. When my Trump supporting friend asserted the other day that America needs to “Blame the suits, not the boots”, I had much more insight into her perspective.

The King in Orange is not an easy read, as there are some hard truths to swallow regardless of where your political beliefs lay. But this book opened my eyes to the roots of the current political climate that go deeper than just standard party issues. There are fundamental shifts to the American way of life that are leading to uncertainty about the future. Being more aware of the occult forces in play on both sides helps to be discerning in shaping our beliefs. I have been recommending this book to quite a few people recently who are wondering what’s going on in the politics right now because it’s a really thought-provoking read that delves into the psychological factors effecting the collective consciousness.