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Becoming Baba Yaga, by Kris Spisak

Becoming Baba Yaga: Trickster, Feminist, and Witch of the Woods, by Kris Spisak
Hampton Roads Publishing, 1642970514, 224 pages, September 2024

In Becoming Baba Yaga: Trickster, Feminist, and Witch of the Woods, Kris Spisak seeks the elusive roots of the Slavic crone goddess Baba Yaga in the dark forest of history. Following the trail of her iconic chicken-legged hut, Spisak tracks her transformation from ancient folklore to the present day, exploring her dual nature as both trickster and protector, and her evolution from a fearsome hag to a complex symbol of female empowerment. 

Kris Spisak’s award-winning debut novel, The Baba Yaga Mask, was woven from the ancestral red thread of her family’s Ukrainian diaspora experiences following World War II. Her other works, such as Get a Grip on Your Grammar and The Novel Editing Workbook, are geared towards helping writers perfect their craft. Spisak holds a B.A. in English from the College of William and Mary and an M.L.A. from the University of Richmond. Becoming Baba Yaga is her fifth book.

A talented wordsmith with an impressive literary background and an intimate knowledge of Slavic folklore, Spisak spins lush, captivating prose that will leave readers spellbound by the magic of Baba Yaga. Interspersed throughout the book are retellings of traditional stories featuring the enigmatic hag, followed by insightful critical analyses that unravel the rich symbolism and hidden meanings woven into these folktales.

One of my personal favorites was “The Birth of Baba Yaga,” also known as “The Tale of the Twelve Nasty Women,” which recounts how the Devil collected a bag full of difficult, shrewish women and boiled them in a cauldron, inhaled a lungful of the garlicy steam, and spat out Baba Yaga.1 This folktale was no doubt the misogynistic attempt of a Christian author to demonize and oppress her, but I can’t help but be delighted by the idea of Baba Yaga being a distillation of the nastiest feminist women the Devil has ever met.

Like any good fairy tale collection, Becoming Baba Yaga is decorated with beautiful, whimsical illustrations. The work of Davezilla, the creator of the Tarot of the Unexplained, graces these pages. His distinctive black and white artwork, reminiscent of silhouette portraits in an Art Nouveau style, are a lovely complement to the book’s exploration of Slavic folklore.

From Baba Yaga’s lolling tongue and iron teeth to her chicken-legged hut, encircled by fence posts of bones topped with skull lanterns, Spisak explores the symbolic significance of her character and attributes. For example, Spisak offers the intriguing theory that the strange image of the chicken-legged hut may have originated in an ancient Russian burial practice reserved for shamans.

“After death, a wooden coffin was constructed and raised up on stilts, allowing the deceased individual to exist between the sky and the earth, between the planes of life and death, not returning the body to the dirt from whence it came,”2 explains Spisak.

Spisak suggests that Baba Yaga may have originally been an earth goddess, perhaps an elderly Mokosh, the Slavic mother goddess and weaver of fate, who has lost her fertility but retains her wise blood. “Different scholars have linked many figures to Baba Yaga’s origin over time, but each one is rooted in nature and the earth, its potential and its duality,”3 Spisak says. Just as nature is two-faced, both nurturing and destructive, so too is Baba Yaga. Her complex personality, with its blend of kindness and cruelty, is so compelling because it mirrors the multifaceted nature of humanity.  

Baba Yaga echoes the behavior of my own grandmothers, who were both loving and cruel in their own ways. Their deep-seated beliefs about what was right and just could sometimes lead to harsh judgments and criticism, just as Baba Yaga rewards well-behaved children who meet her standards, and threatens to cannibalize those who don’t. This reminds me of how elders often demand that we conform to their expectations, and if we fail to do so, they may seek to control or even destroy the parts of us they perceive as rebellious. This metaphorical act of cannibalism can be seen as an attempt to absorb us back into themselves, rather than allowing us to grow and develop as independent individuals.

My paternal grandmother is a hypercritical Virgo with a sharp tongue. In retrospect, I realize that with her iron gnashing, she was trying to eat the parts of me she didn’t like, which seemed to be pretty much everything about me. In her presence, I felt pressured to conform to her expectations by wearing a mask, and stuffed the real me deep into my shadow, until I reached a breaking point and realized that, no matter how hard I tried to please her, nothing I did would ever satisfy her, and I cut ties with her altogether.

However, Baba Yaga is a goddess, not a fallible and judgmental human being. Although her methods may seem cruel, they are intended to awaken the hero within. Spisak points out that Baba Yaga never follows through with her cannibalistic threats. She just has a way of “scaring people into being a better version of themselves.”4 

It’s often overlooked that, as a grandmother, Baba Yaga’s role is inherently maternal, albeit as a dark mother, or an evil fairy godmother. All the children that come to her are fed and given shelter, and, in exchange, they are expected to work for her and prove their worth by doing impossible tasks.

“She challenges them to ensure arrogance and entitlement are never pieces of their personality,” Spisak says. “She gives them the freedom to discover themselves and their own abilities.”5

This frightening initiation process serves as a catalyst for personal growth and awakens their latent potential for greatness. According to Spisak, “a good villain makes us reexamine who we are, who we’ve been, and who we could be.”6 

One of my favorite chapters, titled “Horror & Escapism,” explores how Baba Yaga continues to captivate our imaginations due to humanity’s enduring fascination with horror and the terror of nightfall in the untamed wilderness. By vicariously meeting the cannibal witch in the woods through folktales, false fear can provide cathartic release.

Spisak says that the horror genre “can evoke an emotional catharsis and establish greater bonds in our own relationships or between characters we empathize with as we consume their stories.”7 This is why date nights often involve cuddling while watching scary movies, and it’s no coincidence that so many horror flicks take place in a creepy cabin in the woods. “Where the darkness stretches out its claws, there we find the essence of Baba Yaga,”8 Spisak writes, emphasizing the enduring power and primeval allure of this sinister goddess.

Spisak’s Becoming Baba Yaga is a masterful exploration of the Slavic crone. Through her insightful analysis and vivid storytelling, Spisak paints a compelling portrait of Baba Yaga as a symbol of both female empowerment and the embodiment of the dark side of nature that continues to horrify and fascinate humanity on the primal level. The book’s vibrant blend of scholarly research and imaginative retellings of traditional folktales make it a fresh and valuable contribution to the study of Slavic mythology and a fascinating read for anyone interested in folklore, feminism, and the enduring power of storytelling.

A Return to Radiance, by Becca Powers

A Return to Radiance: The POWER Method to Ignite Your Soul and Unleash Your Potential, by Becca Powers
New World Library, 1608689344, 280 pages, October 2024

A Return to Radiance: The POWER Method to Ignite Your Soul and Unleash Your Potential by Becca Powers is an inspiring and practical guide for anyone looking to reignite their inner spark and maximize their potential. This book artfully combines personal anecdotes, actionable strategies, and motivational insights to create a compelling roadmap for personal transformation.

“Returning to our radiance isn’t just about uncovering our gifts and talents and letting them loose in the world. It’s about infusing them to every nook and cranny of our lives, from how we rock our day-to-day firing to how we navigate love and leadership.”1

In the introduction, Powers introduces the POWER Method, an acronym that stands for Purpose, Ownership, Wisdom, Energy, and Resilience. The subsequent five sections each delves deeper into one of these core principles. The chapters within the section provide readers with a clear understanding of how to integrate the principle into their lives. Topics covered include create boundaries, aligning actions with values, cultivating faith, enhancing one’s energy, and finally, coming into one’s own radiance.

Powers’ engaging writing style makes these concepts accessible, and her authentic voice resonates with readers who are seeking meaningful change. She often shares her own experiences, from noticing the burnout happening in her own life to sharing how she noticed her parents losing their creative spark to the detriment of their whole family. These personal anecdotes highlight Powers’ empathetic understanding of those she’s serving through the mission of teaching her audience how to reclaim their radiance.

One of the strengths of this book is its balance between heartfelt advice, inspiring wisdom, and guidance about practical ways to incorporate the POWER principles into one’s life. Between the practical exercises and thought-provoking questions that encourage readers to reflect on their own lives and take actionable steps towards their goals, this book is not only motivational, but also a useful tool for personal development.

Moreover, A Return to Radiance stands out for its emphasis on holistic well-being. Powers acknowledges the interconnectedness of mind, body, and spirit, and offers guidance on nurturing each aspect to achieve a harmonious and fulfilling life. Her approach is inclusive and empathetic, recognizing that everyone’s journey is unique and that there is no one-size-fits-all solution to personal growth.

“Alignment with the truth of who you are is the most incredible gift you can give yourself, for it results in the beautiful unfolding of a life filled with passion, potential, and purpose.”2

It was a desire to reconnect with myself that drew me to this book. I had been feeling subpar, as though I was simply slogging through the days without any deeper connection to my why. By working my way through, I noticed an increase in the care I was showing myself. I felt called to acknowledge how many of the clothes I was wearing felt drab and I was neglecting personal care; hence, I decided to donate what no longer felt aligned and spend some time getting my hair styled in a way that better reflects my inner shine. Other changes I made while reading this book were purposely scheduling more time for my creative pursuits and doing a deep-dive into what I truly value. By the end, I did feel like a radiance I had lost was once again sparkling.

One thing I will note that was out of sync for me while reading the book at times was the “girl boss” attitude of it. Powers often refers to her high-level career or those of friends, but as a current stay-at-home mom, I sometimes couldn’t relate to the workplace stories. The book definitely has a can-do alpha female vibe, so for those looking for a more receptive or relaxed method, this might not be the best choice. There’s plenty of inner reflection and energy work involved, but the goal-oriented aspect added a little pressure for me. This for me was great since I felt I was floundering and needed more routine, but for those already burnt out, I would hope they don’t feel like self-improvement is another thing on the “to-do” list.

Overall, A Return to Radiance is a valuable resource for anyone looking to reignite their passion and unleash their potential. The POWER Method provides a structured yet flexible framework for personal development, and Powers’ genuine, supportive tone makes the journey towards self-improvement both achievable and enjoyable. Whether you’re at a crossroads in your life or simply looking to enhance your personal growth, this book offers the motivational tools and inspiration you need to shine brightly once again.

High Magic in the Age of Steam, by Jeffrey S. Kupperman

High Magic in the Age of Steam: A Steampunk’s Introduction to Victorian Esotericism, by  Jeffrey S. Kupperman
Crossed Crow Books, 1959883623, 200 pages, August 2024

High Magic in the Age of Steam: A Steampunk’s Introduction to Victorian Esotericism by Jeffrey S. Kupperman is a fascinating exploration of the intersection between the steampunk aesthetic and the rich tapestry of Victorian esoteric practices. Filled with interesting historical overviews of the occult movements emerging during the Victorian era, along with character sketches one might use to model their steampunk persona, this book links the past, present, and future (or in regard to steampunk, retrofurturism). In a time when technological advancements were rapidly reshaping the world, High Magic in the Age of Steam delves into the intersection of the occult movements flourishing alongside, offering a wider-range of technofantasy elements one can draw upon for steampunk inspiration.

“The occult has always been part of steampunk, either artificially partitioned as Gaslamp, or just generally ignored by steampunks outside the various occult communities. The point of this book is not to redefine steampunk but to expand it to be more inclusive.”1

Kupperman begins High Magic in the Age of Steam by sharing the history of steampunk, from its origins to the nuance about the definition of the genre. There’s many dimensions to steampunk, and for those on the outside looking in, it can feel like a whole new world to understand. It’s clear Kupperman has done a lot of reflection on steampunk and come to see areas where it can expand to be more accessible to a wider audience. This book aims to integrate occultism with the science of the time with Kupperman noting: 

“Victorians also had a deep interest in the occult and occultist—any number of whom were also scientists—and often considered various occult practices as kinds of science.”2

Following the foundation he’s laid about steampunk and magic, Kupperman moves into detailed examination of the various forms of occultism that flourished during the Victorian era, including Theosophy, Masonry, Druidry, Spiritualism, and more. For each one, he provides thorough explorations of traditions and stories of the prominent individuals within the movement. He really delves into the belief systems of the movements, how they impacted and were impacted by zeitgeist of the era, and the characteristics one might draw upon to distinguish their steampunk persona. At the end of most sections, there’s a full character sketch, which highlights their occult background and describes the attire one can use to convey this persona.

While reading this book, I was continually impressed at the way Kupperman teaches and explains each esoteric practice, providing enough information to get a full overview with an intuitive knack of capturing the essence of each. His style of writing is straight-forward and engaging, ensuring that complex concepts are broken down into digestible parts while also honoring the nuances of the topic being explained. Through his story-telling, these movements come to life, and the reader feels themselves placed within the period Kupperman is writing about. This transportive aspect makes this book a real journey through time, which I feel is immeasurably helpful for getting in character.

Kupperman does a great job of skillfully situating occultism within the broader context of Victorian society, exploring how technological advancements and societal changes influenced the spiritual landscape and vice versa. One instant of this is how he presents the impact Spiritualism had on the social movements of abolition and women’s rights. This historical grounding adds depth to the book, allowing readers to appreciate the unique blend of science and mysticism that characterized the era in order to connect with their steampunk persona in a deeper way.

Another aspect of the book I enjoyed is Kupperman’s insightful commentary on the cultural and social implications of occult practices during the Victorian era. In the beginning of the book, he delves into the sticky subject of cultural appropriation vs. appreciation, which was rampant during the imperialism of this age. He never shies away from acknowledging the social inequalities of the time nor the racism that cropped up in certain occult communities, such as Theosophy’s idea of “root races”3. There are even times Kupperman refrains from presenting a character sketch, such as for Vodou, which I really respect.

The Appendices and additional chapters at the end of the book also contain a wealth of information too. “Appendix A: Persona Building” and “Appendix B: Expanded Steampunk Personae” assists readers with getting started in steampunk. Whether one wants a more DIY approach or prefers to use prefabricated character sketches, Kupperman provides useful guidance about how to create one’s own steamsona. I particularly like how he encourages readers to create their own history in “Appendix C: Building a Better Order” that moves away from the racism or infamy some of the real esoteric organizations come along with. In regard to creating one’s own order, he writes:

“You can do whatever you’d like it with and there really is no one to challenge you on its historical accuracy outside of blatant anachronism. Even that can be easily written off as something that exists at that time in the steampunk world you inhabit, even If it didn’t exist in ours.4

I was drawn to High Magic in the Age of Steam for two reasons. The first is that I love reading occult history and the Victorian era is one of my favorite periods. The second is that I was going through a bit of a professional identity breakdown; it felt like how I was presenting myself was no longer resonating with recent change and growth I’ve experienced. I’d never thought about crafting a “persona” before, whether for roleplaying or in my professional offerings (I guess in this regard it’s considered “branding”), so I was looking for insight into how one goes about doing so.

In both regards, all my expectations were exceeded by Kupperman. The historical writing was fascinating, containing a lot of details that often are overlooked in a quick summary of the occult movement. It’s extremely evident he took so much care in portraying the Victorian occult as accurately as possible. Then Kupperman’s descriptions about incorporating each occult practice into a steampunk persona gave me so much insight into how I could play with my own professional identity, highlighting certain aspects of myself and what I offer to others, to feel more aligned with how I present myself. I feel a lot more free to play around with how I show up to others now.

Overall, High Magic in the Age of Steam is a well-researched work that successfully bridges the gap between historical study and creative exploration. Kupperman has crafted a compelling guide that will delight both steampunk aficionados and those curious about the mystical side of Victorian history. This book is a must-read for those interested in Victorian or modern occultism (so much of today’s occultism is influenced by this time period!). It’s honestly been my favorite occult book that I’ve read in a while.

For fans of steampunk, especially those looking to incorporate an esoteric element to their persona, Kupperman offers a treasure trove of inspiration. He draws connections between the aesthetics of steampunk and the symbols and rituals of Victorian occultism, providing a rich source of material for writers, artists, and enthusiasts looking to deepen their understanding of the genre. The book’s imaginative approach encourages readers to see the Victorian era not just as a backdrop for steampunk adventures, but as a vibrant, mystical world in its own right that saw the creation of esoteric movements that continue to be practiced today.

The Eye of Odin, by Per Henrik Gullfoss

The Eye of Odin: Nordic Mythology and the Wisdom of the Vikings, by Per Henrik Gullfoss
Crossed Crow Books, 1959883259, 140 pages, May 2024

Mythology is often viewed as whimsical in the way the stories that are told reduce deities’ power to superstition. This book pulls back the veil of that notion of superstition to disclose ideas that mythology is directly related to many other facets of magic and not all amusing stories and fairy tales. In fact, if you are a practitioner of any kind there is a good chance that most of the ideas presented here will resonate deeply. 

Per Henrik Gullfoss’ book, The Eye of Odin: Nordic Mythology and the Wisdom of the Vikings, takes the reader on a journey and sets up the idea that Norse mythology is not as primitive as Christianity has portrayed. Christianity is a much younger religion by comparison, and delving into the root of the Norse beliefs reveals a startling amount of thought and competency that many cultures have been told didn’t exist within the barbarian tribes of old. By combining classic astrology with Norse mythology to get a deeper understanding of human consciousness itself, Gullfoss has crafted a remarkable book that appeals to a wide range of practitioners.

As one of the leading experts in the field of Norse myth and astrology in Norway, Gullfoss brings together both of these topics to show how these old stories led to the development of human consciousness and mystical thought. It’s a fascinating look at how the two are connected, and Gullfoss’ writing certainly illustrates in detail how similar the two concepts actually are.

Gullfoss writes, “… I have used astrology as a map that one can utilize to learn about and understand Norse myths.”1 He continues, “In the following chapters, I will show how Norse mythology can give a coherent and logical view of the world, which is just as marked by common sense and insight about cosmic laws as other belief systems.”2

This book is glorious and marvelous in the way that it seamlessly moves through what appears to be difficult concepts of creation, consciousness, awareness and ties these concepts together using Norse mythology. His language is that of a practiced storyteller, weaving together the stories of the old gods and marrying them with modern astrology. One of my favorite parts of this book, and examples of this are peppered throughout which is joyous for me, is the direct way he connects specific planets and other deities with Norse gods.  He says:

“Odin is the highest god of the heavens in Norse mythology, filling the same space as Uranus in Greek mythology. Consciousness and the element of Air are both the hallmarks of Uranus and Odin… Odin (Uranus) thus becomes the one who mediates the cosmic laws of creation and the universe to humans.”3

There is no question that Norse mythology is dominated by the values of men and relates to a warrior set that is almost exclusively male. Gullfoss deftly inserts the feminine aspect, stating that the power of femininity consists of an enormous force that is equal to the male counterpart. His writing is not dismissive of female power; rather, he uses feminine examples to show balance. One part focuses on the Norns, three mighty maidens not unlike the three sisters of fate in other stories, with this archetype continually referenced, along with others, throughout the book. It’s moments like these where the reader begins to realize just how interconnected these stories really are. It matters not what time period or culture, there is a resonance of similarity between them that can’t be dismissed.

There is so much in this book, it’s difficult to pull out specific parts to showcase. The mention of Tyr, a mighty warrior god representing a pure form of Mars, is a god that is barely talked about. I personally didn’t know he was a god, I thought Tyr was a rune and didn’t realize there was a whole backstory. Such realizations like this happened quite frequently as I read through this book, and I am so glad I took the time to digest the work. 

The Eye of Odin is a great book for anyone who loves astrology and Norse mythology and is interested in seeing how deep the connection is between the two. It presents some concepts that might feel a bit radical or out of place in today’s society; understand that this is not a rewrite of history but a comparison. While I personally did not find anything that particularly caused my hackles to rise, I can see how the overlay of masculinity could be seen as disregarding the feminine. My hope is that as the reader delves more deeply into the book and the subject as a whole, they come to the same realization as I did: no matter what, there is no male without female, especially in the world of mythology.

Blackthorn’s Book of Sacred Plant Magic, by Amy Blackthorn

Blackthorn’s Book of Sacred Plant Magic: Spells, Rites, and Rituals for Living an Aromatic Life, by Amy Blackthorn
Weiser Books, 978-1578638307, 272 pages, September 2024

Amy Blackthorn is a renowned herbalist and author of multiple books that are widely used both in the pagan and mainstream communities. Her expertise and deep commitment to the use of plants as both allies and magical companions in all facets of her work is clearly evident in Blackthorn’s Book of Sacred Plant Magic: Spells, Rites, and Rituals for Living an Aromatic Life.

“In this book, I hope to help open your eyes to the connection, the relationships that can be built, and the friends you’ll likely make along the way.  We’ll talk about who to build botanical relationships with and why-as well as how to find the magical attributes for plants that aren’t listed in your favorite magical tomes.”1

Blackthorn’s Book of Sacred Plant Magic is organized into two sections and a total of eleven chapters. A multi-page bibliography and brief Plant Index conclude the book. In support of the intention of this title, “Section 1: Creating Relationships with Plants” takes the reader on a journey of introductions to those lesser known plant allies and reacquaints them in a deeper fashion alongside those that are commonly used for magical practice.

“Chapter 1: Scent, Memory, And Personal History” reminds the reader of the importance of scent, from our earliest stages of development as infants to those memories brought into adulthood that remain throughout our lives. The focus is on the association of emotions and the trigger of a specific scent, whether consciously or subconsciously, and the powerful association we have to the smells surrounding us.

As the reader moves through subsequent chapters of the first section, the intention of stepping more closely into relationship with and understanding of the nature of plants/botanicals and the spirit that each holds as its specific energetic signature is slowly and methodically built. Blackthorn has a very accessible style of writing; all the while, she is imparting gems of knowledge that begin the seeding process of what is to bloom. 

One of the first exercises is found in “Chapter 2: Developing Plant Spirit Relationships” as the reader is guided to Create Your Visual Landscape to become an inner-lands where plant spirits may be met. Blackthorn provides suggestions for approaching the plant spirits and questions that may be asked. She also reminds that the call may organically come from the botanical spirit and you may not yet even know what a healing relationship with that specific plant may unfold.

“Have you ever been in a plant nursery, hardware store, or even a big-box store and noticed a plant that you knew you just had to purchase, take care of, and get to know?  When you feel it in your bones, you know it’s time to get to know that plant, whatever it is. The plant you find can tell you a lot about yourself or your magical needs-and the remedy is that plant.”2

Another feature of this book is the plethora of active workings, spells, recipes, ritual and more that fully engage the reader in setting their own energetic imprint on their personal journey of plant alliances. “Chapter 3: Building Botanical Relationships” takes us on a journey of exploring the energy in plants starting with the simplicity of the spices in your kitchen.

“Take a look inside your kitchen cabinet and you can take a trip around the world. Each spice, herb, and flavor have a rich history of use in medicine, folklore, and witchcraft.”3

“Chapter 5: Plant Spirit Families” is a fascinating backstory for the reader of the origins of the botanical plant names. Blackthorn teaches how plants may be categorized and energetically aligned and the broader families of which they are a part. We are introduced to those botanical members of the Mint, Citrus, Rose and Myrtle Families. Every family has their own particular type of magic and nuance. 

Each of the chapters of “Section I: Scent, Memory, And Personal History” provides the foundational information covering many aspects of botanical use as essential oils, aromatherapy, medicinally, and more. Additionally, the properties of each form that a botanical may take and proper uses, cautionary considerations, length of efficacy, storage, and appropriate application are thoughtfully shared. All, in support of cultivating a deep connection and, most importantly, a working magical/mundane and spiritual relationship with your chosen plants. 

“Section II: Deeper Connections” jumps right into practical use and application of the properties of botanicals. This section comprises approximately half of the book, making this title a suitable reference source to be returned to as the reader’s journeys into the realm of botanicals evolves and grows.

“Chapter 10: Botanical Listings A-Z” is a cornucopia of over twenty-five botanicals, each offering herbal lore and uses, spells, and a recipe specific to its properties. The result is a complete introduction for the reader to the adaptability and ways in which various plants can be organically woven into mundane and magical practices. Appropriate warnings are placed on those botanicals that may be toxic in specific circumstances along with a reminder to always error on the side of caution.

Blackthorn concludes the journey on a very practical note with recommendations that are invaluable to those readers new to the botanical industry. “Chapter 11: Practical Test for Oil Integrity” offers advice to the botanical shopper seeking prepared botanical oils for their magical work. She notes, “With many shops looking to provide affordable supplies to support their customers, it can be difficult to tell what kind of materials you have in your shop.”4

A list of “Things to Look Out For” such as type of storage bottles, labels, price and enhancements is followed by testing methods that may be employed such as alcohol, water, and paper to determine the authenticity and potency of the product. This offers readers sound advice in exercising discernment around their choices. Although just a few pages in length, the importance of using a product that is what should be expected in quality and price is underscored by Blackthorn for it evokes the sacred action of choosing your plant allies wisely and honoring their power.

Would I Recommend?

Blackthorn’s Book of Sacred Plant Magic is perfect for anyone who is plant curious, working with botanicals, or simply wants to be more connected to the kingdom of plants. It is definitely worth adding to one’s reference library. In keeping with the style of delivery and ease of implementation that is a staple of Blackthorn’s books, this one absolutely delivers and surpasses readers’ expectations. This title, along with any other of Blackthorn’s books, would be a prized gift for consideration as we near the holiday season.

“Everyone has times in their lives when their magic seems out of reach; it’s natural in such a busy, harried culture. I was looking for a reconnect. The full moon came and it was time to venture out into my yard to connect with my land spirits and let them know I hadn’t forgotten them.  As I gathered my libations and tools, I had a feeling of peace I hadn’t experienced in a while. This is what I had been missing.5

About the Author: Amy Blackthorn

Amy Blackthorn is a professional intuitive and the bestselling author of several books on botanical magic, including Blackthorn’s Botanical Magic, Blackthorn’s Botanical Brews, and Blackthorn’s Botanical Wellness. The founder of Blackthorn’s Botanicals, she has a certification in aromatherapy and was ordained by the Order of the Golden Gryphon. Amy lives in Delaware. Keep up with Amy’s book news on her website and check out her tea shop.

Encounters with Mermaids, by William R. Mistele

Encounters with Mermaids: Lessons from the Realm of the Water Elementals, by William R. Mistele
Destiny Books, 1644117428, 320 pages, August 2024

Encounters with Mermaids: Lessons from the Realm of the Water Elementals by William R. Mistele is a captivating dive into the mystical world of mermaids, enchanting readers from start to finish. Mistele, a well-known author in the field of esoteric studies, invites us into a realm where the boundaries between realms blur, offering profound reflections on the nature of existence and the mysteries of the ocean. Going beyond the the common perceptions of mermaids, Mistele leads the way to long-forgotten realm of powerful elemental beings, noting:

“The undines described in this book are not half fish and half human. They are not attached to any well, lake, river, or ocean. No religion, race, or ethnic group has an affiliation with them. They do not belong to mythology or to the past. They do not need to be protected or sentimentalized. They are neither inferior nor fragile. They are not an endangered species.

They are in the form of beautiful women and are masters of the magic of water and magnetism. They embody and guard the treasures of empathy, sensuality, and love that the human race has yet to discover. In this regard, they are our teachers.”1

The book is structured in three parts. “Part 1: Nature Spirits in Our World” provides an overview of the five elements (Akasha, Fire, Water, Earth, and Air) and then a deep-dive into Undines, elemental water beings. While connection with these realms is possible, Mistele does a wonderful job emphasizing the challenges that come from opening oneself to them, writing “When going beyond the normal modes of perception, there is always a danger of disorientation.”2

Mistele offers a lot of personal advice about working with elemental beings in the astral plane along with detailing  the Franz Bardon approach for readers to develop their own form of elemental communication. He covers topics such as electric fluid and magnetic fluid, mediumship, types of alternative perceptions, and the hermetic roots of the Franz Bardon system, which feels a little heady, but sets a good foundation for moving forward in the book.

“Part II: Meetings with Undines” unfolds as a series of encounters between Mistele and various mermaids, though most of the focus is on one undine in particular: Istiphul. Istiphul is a very ancient water elemental being who has mastered “the magnetic fluid”3. Mistele has been dialoging with her since 1995, detailing his encounters in vivid and poetic language. There’s a strong emphasis on Istiphul’s beauty, but Mistele also describes her physical, etheric, astral, and mental body to paint a real picture for readers.

There’s also a chapter on  other undines–Osipeh, Istiphil, and mermen Ermot–in which Mistele shares his dialogues with them as well. Mistele’s encounters are deeply spiritual experiences that challenge our conventional understanding of the natural world. The undines in Mistele’s narrative are not mere figments of folklore; they are complex, sentient, and ancient beings with their own wisdom and perspectives on life. Each mermaid or merman he meets imparts a lesson or insight, often related to themes of love, harmony, and the interconnectedness of all life. These interactions are not just whimsical tales but are imbued with philosophical and metaphysical significance, encouraging readers to reflect on their own beliefs and the unseen forces that shape our reality.

“Part III: Connecting to the Undine Realms” is packed with guidance to assist readers with opening their perceptions to the many forms water takes in our natural world. There’s meditations for a lake, stream, waterfall, river, ocean trench, mountain pool, and more. Then Mistele delves into the properties of water from an esoteric perspective, illuminating for readers the nature of this element. He offers ways to meet undines, ranging from psychic connection to creating art.

The additional appendices are also packed with interesting information. “Appendix A: Incarnated Mermaids” covers Misteles’ experience meeting incarnated undines, human women who embody the spirit of the mermaid. There’s many quotes from them about their personal experience living as an incarnated mermaid, providing insight into the nature of the undines. “Appendix B: Messages from Sylphs, Gnomes, and Salamanders” shares channeled messages from the other elemental realms. And finally, “Appendix C: Poems” is a compilation of beautiful poetry about mermaids and by the merman Ermot.

Overall, Encounters with Mermaids is more than just a book; it is a gateway to a world of wonder and introspection. Mistele’s approach is uniquely experiential; he does not merely write about undines but seeks to engage with them directly, offering readers a firsthand account of his spiritual journeys and insight on how to forge their own connections with these water elementals.

Mistele’s eloquent prose and profound insights make this a must-read for anyone fascinated by mermaids, spirituality, or the mysteries of water. Whether you come to the book as a skeptic or a believer, you will find yourself swept away by the beauty and depth of Mistele’s adventures in the realm of mermaids.

About the Author

William R. Mistele is an accomplished author and spiritual teacher known for his extensive work in the realms of magic, mysticism, and the study of elemental beings. With a background in both Western and Eastern esoteric traditions, Mistele has dedicated his life to exploring the hidden dimensions of reality and sharing his insights with a wider audience. His previous works include The Four Elements, The Hermetic Tree of Life, and Undines.

Witchcraft, by Raven Grimassi

Witchcraft: A Mystery Tradition, by Raven Grimassi
Crossed Crow Books, 978-1-959883-59-3, 270 pages, July 2024

Neo-Pagan scholar and witch Raven Grimassi (1951-2019) was the prolific author of several books on the Old Religion. Initiated into Wicca in 1970, he founded the Aridian tradition a decade later, which blended Wicca and Italian witchcraft. In 2006, he established the Ash, Birch and Willow tradition with his wife Stephanie, which emphasizes the primal roots of European witchcraft. 

Crossed Crow Books, dedicated to preserving Grimassi’s legacy by republishing his out-of-print works, has rereleased Witchcraft: A Mystery Tradition. In this comprehensive work, Grimassi explores the myths and universal deity archetypes at the core of the Mysteries, which he says are “applicable to any system or tradition of Witchcraft.”1. This book was inspired by the Goddess of the Mysteries, Ceres, who Grimassi honored as his patroness because he was born on her festival day, April 12th. Before writing each chapter, Grimassi asked Ceres for her guidance.

For me, witchcraft is an ecstatic religious experience rooted in ancient practices, and Grimassi’s writings support that school of thought with meticulous research.

“It is my personal belief and experience that Witchcraft is a religion that has evolved over countless centuries (as opposed to a modern construction),”2 Grimassi says. “Historians and archaeologists spend a great deal of time and energy trying to separate magick and sorcery from Witchcraft as well as other things that the Witch as a practitioner knows to be inseparable.”3

Grimassi’s traditional perspective is so validating and refreshing to read, and I wholeheartedly agree with him. It’s become trendy for witches on social media to deny that witchcraft is a religion, and I can’t help but feel that they are serving their egos instead of the Goddess and the God.

Grimassi provides supporting historical evidence of Wiccan concepts and practices that have supposedly been debunked by historians like Ronald Hutton as modern inventions. He traces the ancient origins of ritual nudity, also known as being “skyclad,”4 citing seventeenth-century woodcuts and classical works, such as Ovid’s Fasti, as proof. He also validates the threefold nature of the goddess of witches, who is mentioned in classical sources like Lucan’s Pharsalia and Ovid’s Metamorphoses, as well as in “the ancient concept of the Three Fates,” in which “we see the classic Maiden, Mother, and Crone vision.”5 

One of the greatest strengths of this book is that Grimassi helps readers see the Mystery Tradition from the perspective of our prehistoric ancestors. For example, he suggests that the ancient belief in an afterlife may have stemmed from the observation that sleeping people resemble the dead and visit the spirit realm in dreams. He also notes that “the Sun and Moon appeared to arise from beneath the ground and return each day or night,”6 suggesting the presence of an Underworld beneath the earth.

“It is the work of a Witch, as a practitioner of Earth Religion, to be a steward of nature,”7 Grimassi says.

Witches align with nature through the seasonal rites of the Sabbats, which Grimassi explores in detail. He explains how the waxing and waning halves of the years are personified by the Holly King and Oak King, whose animal forms are the stag and the wolf, and he analyzes the symbolism associated with the myths and legends of each Sabbat. 

“The Mystery Teachings are designed to bring humankind back to its original relationship with nature,”8 Grimassi says. By studying these teachings, he believes we can reactivate dormant ancestral knowledge, which he refers to as “memory-chain associations.”9 Memory-chain associations are energetic currents that Grimassi likens to quantum threads in a spider’s web of non-linear time, weaving together the simultaneously existing past, present, and future.

By aligning with a “core concept” that is received upon initiation into the Mysteries, “one can interface with the memory-chain associations.”10 Once the memory-chain has been activated, the initiate can draw from the Underworld cauldron of ancestral memory hidden within the labyrinthine tangle of roots beneath the Tree of Knowledge. The wisdom that lies therein is meant to be shared, for the enlightenment of humanity, and “the cauldron will not offer its essence to those who serve only themselves.”11

I believe Grimassi wrote this book in such a way that it activates those memory chains in the reader, stimulating initiatory insights, and this book is such a wellspring of information that it would take multiple readings to fully integrate what it has to offer. By shifting my mindset to the primal perspective of this work, I had a profound epiphany that deepened my understanding of the Horned God and my personal relationship with him. 

I took the holy sacrament of psilocybin cubensis for the first time while reading Chapter Three, “The God of the Witches,” and it was a truly initiatory experience. Although Grimassi does not mention the use of psychedelic sacraments in this book, I felt guided to do so by my guardian spirits because the mushroom, with its phallic shape and ecstatic properties, is a sacred plant medicine of the Horned God. It was a fortuitous synchronicity that I received the sacrament from a church the day after I started reading this book. I was also given signs to take it by the presence of two large mushroom fairy rings at the local park.

After waiting several hours for something to happen, I was disappointed because I thought the sacrament wasn’t working. I gave up and watched an episode of the X-Files, in which Agent Scully was kidnapped and almost lobotomized by a serial killer who wanted to trepan out her demons. Before Mulder rescued her, I had an intense craving for Doritos. That’s when the magic mushrooms finally started to kick in.

I heard a spirit voice tell me that I was protected and it was safe for me to let my guard down and surrender to the experience. She told me I have a very strong mind, like barbed wire, and it took a long time for me to feel the effects of the sacrament because of my psychic barriers. I realized she was right. I was curious to see what would happen, but I was also afraid of being mind-raped by the mushroom, so I had a lot of subconscious resistance. Up until that point, I had been worried that I wasn’t feeling anything because I didn’t take enough, but she told me that the Universe had provided me with the exact dosage that was right for me to consume at that time. Left to my own devices, I could easily have overdosed and become Madame Psychosis. My guardian spirits know me all too well.

At the peak of my trip, Dionysos appeared to me in the form of a serpent crawling along the tiles of my floor. The serpent told me he knows me better than I know myself, and gave me a lot of insight into my own behavior. He revealed to me that he is like a chameleon, and if I try too hard to see him, I won’t find him at all. “Surprise!” he said. I am the Mushroom King. He was very playful and teased me for overlooking him when he’s all around me, giving me obvious signs of his presence.

On the eve of Lughnassadh, a few days prior to me consuming the sacrament, a catalpa tree fell in the backyard during a thunderstorm. Thankfully, no one was injured and there was minimal damage, but it was a really startling encroachment of nature. A forked stang was gifted to me from that fallen tree, and I learned from an internet search that catalpa wood encourages creative self-expression, embracing one’s uniqueness, and facilitates communication with spirits, including angels, fairies, and ancestors.

The garden has also been strangely wild and overgrown with monstrous weeds this summer, despite all my diligent efforts to tame them. The corn was mysteriously knocked over by some unseen force, which was a frustrating disappointment, but the berry bushes have been thriving. All of this excessive weedy vegetation has been the Horned God’s way of trying to get my attention. He confirmed that I am a maenad by giving me a vision of myself with green skin and wearing a flower crown, which aligned with me being born in May and the emerald being my birthstone. I reveled in this Dionysian ecstasy without worrying about whether or not these insights were real or a form of spiritual psychosis, and once it was over, I felt heightened creativity and wrote down everything I could remember and transformed my experience into a poem.

Dionysos taking the form of a serpent in my vision was significant because Grimassi writes that, according to Plutarch, during the waning half of the year, “Dionysos is lord of Delphi,”12 while Apollo reigns during the waxing year. He likens Apollo and Dionysos to the Oak and Holly Kings of the waxing and waning and waning year who annually battle for regency. After re-reading this passage, I realized I had seen Dionysos in the form of the sacred python of the Delphic Oracle. This information was important for me to integrate because I’ve been wanting to incorporate Apollo into my practice as a complement to Dionysos, and seeing him as the king of the waxing year adds more depth to how I perceive his relationship with the Dionysian shadow.

I now see Apollo as the rational conscious mind, the Luciferian prince of dawn who wakes us in the morning and helps us remember and interpret the dreams and visions gifted to us in the Dionysian underworld of the subconscious mind. Light-bringing Apollo helps us make sense of it all and gives our visions deeper meaning by translating them into poetry, music, and other art forms. Apollo, the embodiment of reason, bestows the gift of discernment, enabling the mind to parse out delusions and fantasies from genuine prophecies and mystical experiences.

According to Grimassi, when the conscious mind attempts to digest illogical dream symbolism, “it discards what cannot be understood and retains what can be deciphered through logic and rational reasoning.”13 “The discarded information falls back into the subconscious mind where it later reappears in another dream state,”14 Grimassi says. This subconscious stew of dreams is symbolized in mythology as a magical cauldron, and as I read Grimassi’s words, I had a sudden epiphany that these dream fragments are reflected in the myth of the dismemberment of Dionysos, who was cooked in a cauldron and eaten by the Titans.

“The mystical theme of consuming is at the core of the Mystery Teaching associated with the Sacred King or Slain God,” Grimassi says. “The seed must go into the earth and the God must go into the soul. In essence, burial takes place in the soil and the stomach.”15 Grimassi also points out that the hearth was seen “as an entrance to the Underworld.”16 “The cauldron,” he says, “is not only a cooking pot but also a womb symbol from which metaphorical children are born.”17 

Taking the sacrament while reading this chapter gave me a whole new perspective of the Horned God’s manifestation as the sacred serpent. The correlation between the Horned God and digestion got me thinking about how the human digestive tract is just one long snake.

“The serpent is a very old symbol of the forces of the Underworld and of transformation itself,”18 Grimassi says.

Part of the Biblical serpent’s wisdom must have been instinctual discernment of what is safe and not safe to eat. Practicing Grimassi’s prehistoric way of thinking, I imagined the process of trial and error for hunters and gatherers learning which plants were safe for consumption and which ones were poisonous. To consume the sacrament is to metabolize plant wisdom. Perhaps being cursed to crawl on one’s belly metaphorically means that the will to survive is driven by the pangs of hunger. In order to stay alive, we are slaves to the dietary needs of our bodies.

Perhaps this is why so many Christian ascetics used fasting as a method of resisting the Devil. I have come to the conclusion that the Tree of Knowledge is the human body, and the serpent is the digestive system. The serpent rules the literal bowels of the Underworld, the digestive system that alchemizes food into energy. By honoring the wisdom of the serpent, we treat all food as sacred and become more mindful of what we consume.

Witchcraft: A Mystery Tradition has blessed me with initiatory revelations and I can’t praise this book enough. I came to this work seeking to know the God of Witches better, but of course, Grimassi devotes the same amount of attention to the Triple Goddess. In the past, my practice has been primarily goddess-centric, so this book initiated me into an aspect of the Horned God’s mysteries because that’s what I needed most for my personal spiritual journey. I have no doubt that multiple readings will take me in new directions, and every reader’s initiatory experience will be different, depending on where they are on their spiritual path.

Living Conjure, by Mama Starr Casas

Living Conjure: The Practice of Southern Folk Magic, by Starr Casas
Weiser Books, 1578638240, 208 pages, August 2024

Living Conjure: The Practice of Southern Folk Magic by Mama Starr Casas, a Conjure woman with over forty years of experience, is a comprehensive guide to traditional Southern Conjure that’s accessible to all skill levels, from beginner to seasoned practitioner. A native Kentuckian, Mama Starr’s voice is like a warm hearth fire crackling with wisdom and laced with the sweet smoke of magic. Her writing style emulates the way she was taught: through word of mouth, from her elders. This enchanting prose, delivered with the down-to-earth charm of a beloved granny, immerses readers in a legacy of time-honored Southern secrets. It’s clear that Mama Starr poured her heart and soul into preserving and sharing this invaluable knowledge.

“Don’t forget your roots,”1 Appalachian Conjure man Jake Richards says in the foreword, and those words lingered with me like the whisper of a ghost. I’ve tried running from the South, where I was born, and I’ve rejected the Christian faith in which I was raised. When I lived in New York, some people projected negative Southern stereotypes onto me and wrongly assumed that I voted in a certain way, so I came to realize that I couldn’t run from the South. Wherever I go, she follows me, a phantom belle perfumed with magnolias, and when fate forced me to come back, she reclaimed me. Trying to escape my roots just buried them deep in my shadow. Studying Conjure and incorporating some elements of Southern folk magic into my personal practice has been a therapeutic way for me to reconcile with my roots by digging them up and putting them to good use.

Mama Starr honors the tradition of her elders by teaching Conjure through the lens of children’s folktales, like “Brer Rabbit and the Tar Baby,”2 and the rhythms of old spirituals. These weathered yarns weave a rich tapestry of magic. “The ancestors of this work learned to hide the work in plain sight—that is why this work is called tricks,”3 she explains. This emphasis on subtlety and clever disguise is a core principle of Conjure.

“Conjure, Hoodoo, and Rootwork are all the same thing,” Mama Starr explains. “When I was growing up, I never heard Hoodoo being used as the name for this work. Hoodoo was a question: “Hoodoo you?” Meaning, “Who put roots on you?”4

These terms have evolved over time and their usage can vary depending on the region and the practitioner. However, they all refer to the same tradition of folk magic that has been passed down through generations in the Southern United States.

“Sometimes folks get upset with me because I share so much,” Mama Starr says. “I share it because if I don’t, when I’m gone what’s in my head is going to be gone.”5 She hopes to keep the work alive and honor the memory of the ancestors through her writing.

One chapter explores the use of “The Arms of the Cross”6 in Conjure, associating each arm with a cardinal direction and element. Mama Starr counsels caution when doing this type of work, because one could accidently nail themselves down with a crossed condition if performed incorrectly. In the sample workings she provides, a candle or a petition is placed on one of the cross arms.

“I’m what folks call a two-headed worker, which means that I will do what folks call ‘light’ or ‘dark’ work just as long as the work is justified,”7 Mama Starr says. She emphasizes the importance of performing divination before a working to ensure it is warranted and to take responsibility for your actions. 

Most of the workings are very simple and require few tools. Mama Starr teaches how to work Conjure with objects most people already have lying around the house, such as scissors, keys, bottles, and jars. The use of blue bottles in Conjure held the most fascination for me because I’ve always loved decorating with cobalt blue glass bottles and I used to keep them in my kitchen window. It turns out they can be magically charged to keep ghosts away.

“Haunts can’t cross over water,” Mama Starr says, “and it is believed they don’t know the difference between the blue in the paint or bottles and the blue of the water, so they stay away from the homes that have the ceiling of the porch painted blue or have blue bottles hanging in the trees.”8

Before reading this book, I had no idea that blue bottles were used in Southern folk magic to ward off spirits, so I must have had an intuitive instinct to decorate my window with them. 

Mama Starr teaches how to honor one’s personal ancestors by tending graves, creating an ancestor altar, and making offerings. However, ancestors need not be limited to blood kin. She also emphasizes the importance of honoring the ancestors of Conjure, “the folks who were brought over here during the time of slavery.”9 “Conjure was born out of slavery, from folks trying to survive during a time when white folks felt they had the right to own another person like they were cattle,”10 Mama Starr says. She admires their courage, wisdom, and cunning intelligence in the face of oppression and hardship.

The shadow of slavery looms large over the South, and it was one of the reasons why I tried to escape my Southern roots. Instead of being ashamed of being a white Southerner and trying to push the horrors of slavery out of my mind, Living Conjure has shifted my perspective to thinking about how I can honor the ancestors of Conjure in my personal practice. Mama Starr writes about them and keeps them in her prayers.

Mama Starr talks about the magical properties of animal curios, such as bird feet and alligator paws, and explains that the use of animal parts in magic can be discerned by observing the animal’s natural behavior. I have a flock of egg-laying hens, so her insights into using eggs and chicken feet in Conjure were especially significant for me. She points out that chickens are resourceful and scratch around in the dirt all day looking for food, so their claws can symbolically rake in money. Their feet are also protective because their claws are sharp enough to draw blood. She gives detailed instructions for multiple workings with the feet, as well as how to perform an egg cleansing.

The chapter on “Dirts and Powders” was also very insightful. Mama Starr points out that the virtues of various dirts can be like a double-edged sword. For example, bank dirt can bring prosperity, but one should keep in mind that banks also repossess property, and so the energy of loss and poverty may be mingling in that dirt. I recently started working with bank dirt this year, and this passage enriched my understanding of how to use it.

Mama Starr’s website claims that “she has tried to keep the work as pure as possible,”11 and for her, that means you can’t take the Bible out of Conjure. If you do, it’s not Conjure. However, in this book, she adopts a more lenient approach, teaching the role the Bible plays in Conjure and leaving it up to readers to decide whether or not they want to use it.

I’ve had a complicated relationship with the Bible. Being raised in a conservative Christian household, I had a little pink Bible that I used to read in bed as a child. When my mother disciplined me, one of her favorite punishments was for me to hand copy Proverbs three times each. As an adolescent, I lost faith, read more critically, and became jaded with the misogyny I found in the scriptures. I’m against burning books, so I’ve done my best to make peace with the Bible. College taught me to read it as a work of literature, and Living Conjure is helping me reconnect with it as a powerful grimoire, rather than a source of judgment and condemnation.

“Since the ancestors were forced to become Christian, they put the Bible to good use,”12 Mama Starr says. This passage spoke to my soul because my mother put the fear of God into me when I was a small child, and like it or not, that indoctrination is a major theme in the first chapter of my origin story, and a part of who I am. If you try to take the Bible out of Conjure, Mama Starr says it’s like throwing the baby out with the bathwater, and “you are weakening the foundation that the ancestors built through their blood, sweat, and tears.”13

Mama Starr emphasizes that Conjure is a magical practice, not a religion. The Bible is a religious text, but it is also a spellbook. It can be used for divination in a practice called bibliomancy, and Mama Starr teaches how to receive messages from Spirit using this method. While many Christians believe that divination is a sin, Mama Starr cites biblical passages to the contrary, which describe divinatory practices and claim that the gift of prophecy comes from God. “Men of the churches have tried to remove God’s gift out of the churches, but you can’t take away what God has given,”14 Mama Starr says.

About five years ago, I had a dream that I was in an underground chapel with my mom, and a big black goat of the Witches’ Sabbath was standing on its hind legs in front of her, holding the Bible open like a living lectern. She was so spellbound by the Word that she didn’t even realize the Devil was the one holding the book. I woke up from that dream thinking of the Bible as the Devil’s Black Book, and from then on I recognized it as a powerful tool for witchcraft. Living Conjure has given me deeper insight into putting it to good use. 

I may not like some of my roots, but I’ve chosen to own them. After all, if you want to find your power, it’s in your shadow. It’s in those potent roots you keep buried deep, the ones that don’t ever want to see the light of day. If Southern folk magic is part of your heritage, then Living Conjure is a valuable guide that can help you reclaim your roots and tap into that subterranean current of power.

Icelandic Folk Magic, by Albert Björn

Icelandic Folk Magic: Witchcraft of the North, Albert Björn
Crossed Crow Books, 978-1-959883-28-9, 338 pages, August 2024

Albert Björn’s Icelandic Folk Magic: Witchcraft of the North is a deep dive into the magic that has its basis in the folklore, forests, fjords, and glaciers of this enigmatic place called Iceland. The book is encyclopedic in the information that is availed to the reader with the goal of imparting the “tools they need to add elements of Icelandic folk magic and witchcraft (Fjolknngi) to their own practice, to connect or reconnect with the magic of the island, and to build upon their own craft with magic taken from both folklore and living practice.”1

Author Albert Björn currently lives in Reykjavik and focuses his research on the magic of Iceland and his homeland Sussex, England. His other publication is Icelandic Plant Magic: Folk Herbalism of the North. For more information, you can check out his Patreon.

As with most magic, elements are influenced by the environment in which it’s practiced and in the case of Iceland, the extreme seasons and harsh weather play a large role. The long winters are noted for ice and darkness and creatures such as the trolls that live underground. Summer brings rituals for fertility and foraging. As Björn explains, “winter in Iceland is very much aligned with the time of women… Winter is ruled by the disir, or female forces of fate and often death.”2

He goes into detail about the powerful giantesses such as Skaoi and Gryla, who is accompanied by her cat, Jolakotturinn, or the Yule Cat. The flip to summer is where Freyr reigns and his life-giving forces are evidenced. There is no hiding in the 24 hours of sunshine. Energy brought from the sun inspires luck and fertility. If desired, one can partake in the energies of both summer and winter forces; Björn invites the reader to choose which aspects of Icelandic magic they are most drawn to. 

Björn comments that the magic traditions of Iceland differ from those of the rest of Europe. Covens, witches sabbat, and places where witches gather are not found in Icelandic lore. However, there is a common belief in the huldifolkio, or the hidden people, who are to be both feared and respected. Bonfires and specific festival days are related to the hidden folk, believed to be the original children of Adam and Eve.

The largest section of the book titled “Folk Belief” delves into a multitude of topics such as planetary timings, trolls, dragons, giants, ghosts, spirits, dream magic, foreseeing and far-seeing, shapeshifting, weather working magic, tools of Icelandic magic, stones, and Mary, Freyja, saints, and sinners. For example, the magic of dreams is important to the Icelandic, including the dream visitors, or draumvitjanir, be they in the forms of humans, animals, or elves. They bring warnings and important information. He also gives tidbits of information that showcase the uniqueness of Icelandic energies, such as that ghosts in Iceland behave differently than how one normally attributes ghost behavior as they are forced to follow rules.

Another part of this section is about how to work with the Wheel of the Year, which differs from seasonally-inspired Wiccan wheels because Iceland basically has two seasons, summer and winter. He writes about special days of which the reader might be familiar such as Candlemas and Paskar (Easter) but also those such as Harpa, Goa, and Porri and the meaning of the day and related rituals. As I read this book in August I focused on the special days of this month, Mariumessa (August 15) which focuses on the Christian Mary and Tvimanudur (August 22 – 28) which focuses on harvest. 

The other large section of the book is “Galdranök: Grimoire” which covers staves for farmers, fishermen, and luck. It also includes topics such as birthing spirits, healing and helping, curses, magical alphabets, and incense, oils, brews, and blends. For stave-making, Björn reminds the reader that it is an art and that practice does make perfect. If this topic interests you, Björn gives very detailed methods for creating magical staves.

I was particularly drawn to the section on healing and helping and was surprised to read that “healing works in Iceland had long been a mix of magic and medicine. With herbalism being illegal in Iceland until recent times, the use of herbs has long been held as mystical.”3 Björn shares healing chants and a cleansing prayer which is in Icelandic. More doable, at least for me, are using the recipes included in the book to create planetary oils and incense blends. The blends can also be used to anoint candles.

The book closes with an appendix that contains prayers and words and names of Norse deities. There is also a glossary and a section on Icelandic pronunciation, as well as a bibliography for further reference and reading.

Icelandic Folk Magic is an excellent resource for anyone interested in the mystical traditions of Iceland. Björn’s passion for the subject shines through, making this book a valuable addition to the library of any aspiring witch or student of folklore. Whether you’re a seasoned practitioner or a curious newcomer, this book offers a captivating journey into the enchanting world of Icelandic magic. It’s by far one of the best books I’ve read on the topic.

Mastering Candle Magic, by Patricia Telesco

Mastering Candle Magic: Advanced Spells and Charms for Every Rite, by Patricia Telesco
Crossed Crow Books, 1959883518, 220 pages, August 2024

One of the most appealing aspects of candle magic is its simplicity and accessibility. You don’t need elaborate tools or extensive training to begin practicing; a single candle and a clear intention are often enough. Yet for those who are seeking to learn more about candle magic, leaping from beginner to expert, Patricia Telesco provides wonderful guidance in Mastering Candle Magic: Advanced Spells and Charms for Every Rite.

Patricia Telesco is a prolific American author, herbalist, poet, lecturer, priestess, and folk magician. She has penned over 60 books covering topics such as self-help, cookery, magic, folklore. She is deeply involved in the metaphysical community, serving as a trustee for the Universal Federation of Pagans. You can see all her experience shine through in the pages of this book, which is filled with creative ideas and unique practical magical advice.

“The whole purpose behind Mastering Candle Magic is one of exploring ways to add in, personalize, or enhance your candle-lighting efforts for any ritual, spell, charm, meditation, or other metaphysical process.”1

Divided into two parts, this book begins with “Part 1: The Next Step”, which as the title confers is filled with the wisdom needed to advance one’s candle magic practice. In this section, Telesco encourages readers to begin to create, test, and refine their own candle magic spells, noting this is a step of spiritual growth in one’s practice. This might look like modifying prefabricated spells in a way that feels intuitive right or simply based on the items one has available to utilize in that moment to fully crafting a spell from scratch based on an understanding of correspondences.

Telesco offers ideas for both modifying and personalizing prefabricated spells as well as sharing a step-by-step process for creating one’s own candle magic spells. While the process might seem a bit like an introduction to candle magic for those who have practiced for some time, the foundation of it serves to reconnect readers with the basics that make a spell flourish. Telesco writes: “How much focus you give the spell, how much support you provide afterward, how much you trust in your magic–all of these things influence the results.”2

Ironically, even though the first part focuses on developing one’s own practice, “Part Two: Putting Match to Wick” is filled with tons of candle magic ideas for a wide variety of topics. For me, the greatest challenge is not simply using the prefabricated spells Telesco has provided and continuing to try to craft my own because all the ones in the book are so interesting and unique. But in an effort to focus on personalizing my spells, the ideas Telesco provides are fantastic starting points that have truly become a creative guide for me.

One thing that inspired me is the range of things candle magic can be used for. Prior to reading Mastering Candle Magic, I never thought to do spellwork to find lost objects, support my conscious mind, handle a haunting, or for organization. Yet these are just some of the types of candle magic Telesco offers spells for in addition to the most common ones like relationship needs, abundance, healing, divination, fertility, justice, power, opportunity, and more.

For each topic, Telesco describes why one might want to use that type of magic. She then shares a list that includes the best timing for the spell (moon phase, day of the week, type of weather, etc.), aromas, candle color, and other symbolic components (tarot card, crystal, household item, etc.). And following this, she offers two prefabricated spells that have plenty of room for personalizing but can also be used without modification.

In some cases, as with entries for Relationships and Hauntings, there’s more information that can be discerned from the way in which the flame burns or candle melts. For these, Telesco provides additional information about the meaning for readers to yield more insight from their process. For instance, a flame that quickly smolders means the relationship might be soon fading away if significant enough is not put in. This information helps the reader to better understand the subtleties of candle magic.

Finally, a real bonus of this book is the appendices at the end. “Appendix A: Historical Tidbits, Folk Beliefs, and Helpful Hints” further expand one’s knowledge of candles through time, from what they’ve been made of to how to best care for them. “Appendix B: Useful Correspondences” is very helpful for those ready to craft their own spells or modify an existing one by making a substitution. The content includes color associations (zodiac sign, general energy), numerology, energetic properties of stones, symbolism of shapes and images that can be carved into candles, aromatics and herbs, and significance of timing (weekdays, moon phases, seasons).

I have really enjoyed every spell, in particular how Telesco shares the words to recite for them amid detailed directions. While I do like the practice of creating my own, sometimes it’s just easier to apply what’s already ready to go! So far, I’ve noticed a big shift in my energy after doing the spell for Focus (I declined invitations that would have distracted me from getting what needed to be done, and then I relished my time, proud of how I honored my commitment to myself to focus on work.) and Organization (My thoughts are so much more clear and aligned – as is my wardrobe!) I plan on doing two more of Telesco’s spells for the full moon in Aquarius coming up: Freedom and Inspiration.

Overall, Mastering Candle Magic is suitable for any level of candle magic experience. It’s by far one of the most customizable candle magic books that beginners will have a lot of fun experimenting with as they gain the confidence to craft their own spells, while those looking to advance their practice will gain a lot of wisdom and creative initiative. Telesco’s originality is sure to open new pathways for readers’ to advance their own candle magic practice.